Consent Requirements

No reference found.

Board of Social Work

Consent must be obtained and documented from the client upon initiation of telehealth services.

SOURCE: AL Admin Code 850-x-2-.04(2)(a)., p. 5 (Accessed Dec. 2021).

Speech-Language Pathology

Providers who provide telemedicine services must document the efforts to obtain the client’s consent to send all records to a client’s primary care provider. The consent must be obtained in writing and be signed by the client or client’s legal guardian.

SOURCE: AK Admin. Code, Title 12, Sec. 07.030 (Accessed Dec. 2021)

Nursing

For a telehealth encounter, an APRN must complete and document

• the patient’s informed consent to use telehealth technologies;
• a clinical history and review of systems establishing diagnoses and identifying conditions and contraindications to recommended treatment; and
• a plan of care that lists all recommendations and prescriptions issued by electronic means.

SOURCE: AK Admin Code Title 12, 44.925 (Accessed Dec. 2021).

Before a health care provider delivers health care through telehealth, the treating health care provider shall obtain verbal or written informed consent, including by electronic means, from the patient or the patient’s health care decision maker. If the informed consent is obtained verbally, the health care provider shall document the consent on the patient’s medical record.

The consent requirement does not apply in the following circumstances:

• If the telehealth interaction does not take place in the physical presence of the patient.
• In an emergency situation in which the patient or the patient’s health care decision maker is unable to give informed consent.
• To the transmission of diagnostic images to a health care provider serving as a consultant or the reporting of diagnostic test results by that consultant.

SOURCE: Arizona Revised Statute Sec. 36-3602 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

The healthcare professional shall follow applicable state and federal laws, rules and regulations for informed consent.

SOURCE: AR Code 17-80-404. (Accessed Dec. 2021).

Before the delivery of health care via telehealth, the health care provider initiating the use of telehealth shall inform the patient about the use of telehealth and obtain verbal or written consent from the patient for the use of telehealth as an acceptable mode of delivering health care services and public health. The consent shall be documented.

SOURCE: CA Business & Professions Code Sec. 2290.5.  (Accessed Jan. 2022). 

Occupational Therapy

An occupational therapist must obtain patient’s consent prior to providing services via telehealth.

SOURCE: CA Code of Regulations, Title 16, Div. 39, Art. 8, Sec. 4172(b). (Accessed Jan. 2022). 

Behavioral Sciences

A licensee must obtain informed consent from a client upon initiation of telehealth services.

SOURCE: CA Code of Regulations, Title 16, Div. 18, Art. 1, Sec. 1815.5(c). (Accessed Jan. 2022).

See Medicaid section for Consent requirements.

Colorado Medical Board

Appropriate informed consent should be obtained for a telehealth encounter including those elements required by law and generally accepted standards of practice.

Informed consents obtained in connection with an encounter involving telehealth technologies should also be filed in the medical record.

SOURCE: The Colorado Medical Board Policies, 40-27, page 101-102. Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Telehealth Technologies in the Practice of Medicine. 8/19/21. (Accessed Jan. 10, 2022).

Colorado Mental Health Boards

Once a licensee, certificate holder, or registrant chooses to provide psychotherapy via electronic means, the licensee, certificate holder, or registrant is expected to carefully identify and address issues that involve implementing consent form(s) and proper disclosure(s) including, but not limited to the client’s knowledge regarding security issues, confidentiality, structure, etc.

SOURCE: State Board of Psychologist Examiners Policies, 30-1, p. 11. Teletherapy Policy – Guidance regarding Psychotherapy through Electronic Means. 2/2/18. (Accessed Jan. 10, 2022).

Workers’ Compensation

SOURCE: 7 CO Regs. Rule 1101-3, 18-5(I), p. 30. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Effective Now Until June 30, 2023

Notwithstanding the provisions of section 19a-906 of the general statutes, if a telehealth provider provides a telehealth service to a patient during the period beginning on the effective date of this section and ending on June 30, 2023, the telehealth provider shall, at the time of the telehealth provider’s first telehealth interaction with a patient, inform the patient concerning the treatment methods and limitations of treatment using a telehealth platform, including, but not limited to, the limited duration of the relevant provisions of this section and sections 3 to 7, inclusive, of this act, and, after providing the patient with such information, obtain the patient’s consent to provide telehealth services. The telehealth provider shall document such notice and consent in the patient’s health record. If a patient later revokes such consent, the telehealth provider shall document the revocation in the patient’s health record.

During the period beginning on the effective date of this section and ending on June 30, 2023, each telehealth provider shall, at the time of the initial telehealth interaction, ask the patient whether the patient consents to the telehealth provider’s disclosure of records concerning the telehealth interaction to the patient’s primary care provider. If the patient consents to such disclosure, the telehealth provider shall provide records of all telehealth interactions during such period to the patient’s primary care provider, in a timely manner, in accordance with the provisions of sections 20-7b to 20-7e, inclusive, of the general statutes.

During the period beginning on the effective date of this section and ending on June 30, 2023, any consent or revocation of consent under this section shall be obtained from or communicated by the patient, or the patient’s legal guardian, conservator or other authorized representative, as applicable.

SOURCE: HB 5596 (2021 Session) (Accessed Oct. 2021).

Permanent Statute

At the time of the telehealth provider’s first telehealth interaction with a patient, the telehealth provider shall inform the patient concerning the treatment methods and limitations of treatment using a telehealth platform and, after providing the patient with such information, obtain the patient’s consent to provide telehealth services. The telehealth provider shall document such notice and consent in the patient’s health record. If a patient later revokes such consent, the telehealth provider shall document the revocation in the patient’s health record.

Consent must be obtained by the parent or the patient’s legal guardian, conservator or other authorized representative, as applicable.

SOURCE: CT Gen. Statutes Sec. 19a-906(b)(2).  (Accessed Oct. 2021).

Informed consent must be obtained to establish a physician-patient relationship over telehealth.

SOURCE: Title 24, Ch. 60, Sec. 6003. As amended by HB 160 (2021 Session). Accessed Nov. 2021.

Applies to Physical Therapists:

Before services are provided through telehealth, the licensee shall obtain written, informed consent from the patient, or other appropriate person with authority to make health care treatment decisions for the patient. For the purpose of this subsection, written consent includes an electronic signature. At minimum, the informed consent shall inform the patient and document acknowledgement of the risk and limitations of:

• The use of electronic communications in the provision of care;
• The potential breach of confidentiality, or inadvertent access, of protected health information using electronic communication in the provision of care; and
• The potential disruption of electronic communication in the use of telehealth.

SOURCE: 24 DE Administrative Code 2600. (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Informed consent required by Boards (see regulation citations in Professional Board Standards tab).

Must obtain and document patient consent, except when providing interpretive services.

SOURCE: DC Regs. Sec. 17-4618.2, DC Department of Health Board of Medicine Policy No. 15-01(Accessed Oct. 2021).

No Reference Found

No Reference Found

No Reference Found

A patient’s consent must be obtained.

SOURCE: ID Code Sec. 54-5708. (Accessed Oct. 2021).

READ LESS

No Reference Found

A health care provider (as defined in Indiana Code 16-18-2-163(a)) may not be required to obtain a separate additional written health care consent for the provision of telehealth services.

SOURCE: IN Code, 16-36-1-15. (Accessed Dec. 2021).

A practitioner who uses telehealth shall, if such action would otherwise be required in the provision of the same health care services in a manner other than telehealth, ensure that a proper provider-patient relationship is established. The provider-patient relationship by a practitioner who uses telehealth must at a minimum include the following:

(1) Obtain the patient’s name and contact information and:

• a verbal statement or other data from the patient identifying the patient’s location; and
• to the extent reasonably possible, the identity of the requesting patient.

(2) Disclose the practitioner’s name and disclose the practitioner’s licensure, certification, or registration.

(3) Obtain informed consent from the patient.

(4) Obtain the patient’s medical history and other information necessary to establish a diagnosis.

(5) Discuss with the patient the:

• diagnosis;
• evidence for the diagnosis; and
• risks and benefits of various treatment options, including when it is advisable to seek in-person care.

SOURCE: IN Code, 25-1-9.5-7, b (Accessed Dec. 2021)

The parent or guardian of a student shall consent prior to the student receiving behavioral health services via telehealth under this chapter after a provider-patient relationship is established pursuant to this section. The school district shall maintain any such consent form completed by a parent or guardian.

SOURCE: IA Code Title VII Subtitle 6 Chapter 280A.3 & Senate File 2261 (2020 Session).  (Accessed Oct. 2021).

Telepsychology

A licensee shall ensure informed consent for telepsychology includes a description of any limitations of services as a result of the technology utilized.

SOURCE: Iowa Admin Code, Sec. 645-243.7, (Accessed Oct. 2021).

Physician Assistants

Informed consent. A licensee who uses telemedicine shall ensure that the patient provides appropriate informed consent for the medical services provided, including consent for the use of telemedicine to diagnose and treat the patient, and that such informed consent is timely documented in the patient’s medical record.

See rule for more information about how Physician Assistants must disclose limitations about the drugs and services that can be provided via telemedicine, as well as financial interests and other important information during their meetings. A mechanism for the patient to give feedback must also be provided.

SOURCE: Iowa Admin Code, Sec. 645-327.9, (Accessed Oct. 2021).

Speech Pathology and Audiology

Prior to the first telehealth visit, a licensee shall obtain informed consent from the patient specific to the services that will be provided in a telehealth visit. At a minimum, the informed consent shall specifically inform the patient of the following:

• The risks and limitations of the use of technology to provide speech pathology or audiology services;
• The potential for unauthorized access to protected health information; and
• The potential for disruption of technology during a telehealth visit.

SOURCE: Iowa Admin Code, Sec. 645-301.1, (Accessed Oct. 2021).

Board of Dietetics

Prior to the first telehealth visit, a licensee shall obtain informed consent from the individual or group specific to the services that will be provided in a telehealth visit. At a minimum, the informed consent shall specifically inform the individual or group of the following:

• The risks and limitations of the use of technology to provide dietetics services;
• The potential for unauthorized access to protected health information; and
• The potential for disruption of technology during a telehealth visit.

SOURCE:  Iowa Administrative Code Section 645.81.17. (Effective March 3, 2021).(Accessed Oct. 2021).

No Reference Found

The treating physician who delivers or facilitates the telehealth service shall obtain the informed consent of the patient before services are provided.

SOURCE: KY Revised Statutes § 311.5975. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Patient consent must be obtained by:

• Physicians;
• Chiropractors;
• Nurses;
• Dentists;
• Dieticians or nutritionist;
• Pharmacist;
• Psychologists or psychological associate;
• Occupational therapists;
• Optometrist
• Physical therapists;
• Speech language pathologists or audiologists;
• Social workers;
• Marriage/family therapists;
• Respiratory care practitioner

SOURCE: Cited in various sections of law. Originated from HB 177 (2000). (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Also see listing of Professional Board Regulation in Miscellaneous section for regulatory requirements for informed consent by profession.

The Board of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology requires their licensees to inform the client in writing, in an initial in-person meeting, about:

• The limitations of using technology in the provision of telepractice;
• Potential risks to confidentiality of information due to technology in the provision of telepractice;
• Potential risks of disruption in the use of telepractice;
• When and how the licensee will respond to routine electronic messages;
• In what circumstances the licensee will use alternative communications for emergency purposes;
• Who else may have access to client communications with the licensee;
• How communications can be directed to a specific licensee;
• How the licensee stores electronic communications from the client; and
• That the licensee may elect to discontinue the provision of services through telehealth.

SOURCE: KY 201 KAR 17:110. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

See Medicaid Consent section for consent requirements established by the Cabinet for Health and Family Services.

Disclosures

Prior to utilizing telemedicine a physician shall insure that the following disclosures have been made to the patient and documented in the medical record. Such disclosures need not be made or documented more than once, except to update the information provided:

• The name, Louisiana medical license number and contact information [address, telephone number(s)] of the physician;
• The physician’s specialty or area of practice;
• How to receive follow-up and emergency care;
• How to obtain copies of medical records and/or insure transmission to another medical provider;
• How to receive care in the event of a technology or equipment failure; and
• Notification of privacy practices concerning individually identifiable health information, consistent with state and federal laws and regulations.

In addition to any informed consent and right to privacy and confidentiality that may be required by state or federal law or regulation, a physician shall insure that each patient to whom he or she provides medical services by telemedicine is:

• Informed of the relationship between the physician and patient and the respective role of any other health care provider with respect to management of the patient; and
• Notified that he or she may decline to receive medical services by telemedicine and may withdraw from
  such care at any time.

SOURCE: LA Admin. Code 46:XLV.7507 & 7511. p. 250-251 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Board of Licensure in Medicine & Board of Osteopathic Licensure

A licensee who uses telemedicine shall ensure the patient provides appropriate informed consent for the health care services provided, including consent for the use of telemedicine, which must be documented in the patient’s medical record.

SOURCE: ME Regulation Sec. 02-373-6 & 02-383-6. (Accessed Dec. 2021).

Health care practitioners must obtain oral or written consent from the patient or from the patient’s parent or guardian.

SOURCE: HB 448/SB 402. (2020 Session). (Accessed Aug. 2021).

Board of Examiners for Audiologists, Hearing Aid Dispensers and Speech Language Pathologists

Telehealth providers must inform patients and consultants of the following:

• The inability to have direct, physical contact with the patient is a primary difference between telehealth and direct in-person service delivery;
• The knowledge, experiences, and qualifications of the consultant providing data and information to the provider of the telehealth services need not be completely known to and understood by the provider;
• The quality of transmitted data may affect the quality of services provided by the provider;
• That changes in the environment and test conditions could be impossible to make during delivery of telehealth services;

Telehealth services may not be provided by correspondence only.

SOURCE: Code of Maryland Admin. Regs. Sec. 10.41.06.04. (Accessed Aug. 2021).

No Reference Found

A health professional shall not provide a telehealth service without directly or indirectly obtaining consent for treatment. This does not apply to a health professional who is providing a telehealth service to an inmate who is under the jurisdiction of the department of corrections and is housed in a correctional facility.

SOURCE: MI Compiled Laws Sec. 333.16284.  (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Social Work

A social service technician registrant or social work licensee shall obtain consent before providing a telehealth service.

SOURCE: MI Admin Code 338.2930, (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Athletic Trainers

Consent for treatment must be obtained before providing a telehealth service pursuant to section 16284 of the code, MCL 333.16284. Evidence of consent for treatment must be maintained in a client’s medical record.

SOURCE: MI Administrative Code R 338.1302. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Acupuncturist 

An acupuncturist shall obtain consent before providing a telehealth service pursuant to section 16284 of the code, MCL 333.16284.

SOURCE: MI Administrative Code 338.13003. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Massage Therapy

SOURCE: MI Administrative Code 338.702. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Genetic Counseling

Consent for treatment must be obtained before providing a telehealth service under section 16284 of the code, MCL 333.16284. Proof of consent must be maintained in the patient’s up-to-date medical record and retained in compliance with section 16213 of the code, MCL 333.16213.

SOURCE: MI Administrative Code 338.2455. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Veterinary Medicine

Consent for medical advice and treatment shall be obtained before providing a telehealth service pursuant to section 16284 of the code, MCL 333.16284. Evidence of consent for medical advice and treatment must be maintained in the animal patient’s medical record.

SOURCE: MI Administrative Code R 338.4901a. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Podiatric Medicine and Surgery

Consent for treatment must be obtained before providing a telehealth service.  Evidence of consent must be maintained in the patient’s up-to-date medical record and retained.

SOURCE: MI Administrative Code R 338.8245 (Accessed Sept. 2021).

No Reference Found

Practice of Medicine – Emergency Temporary Regulation

The provider using telemedicine should obtain the patient’s informed consent before providing care via telemedicine technology. In addition to information relative to treatment, the patient should be informed of the risk and benefits of being treated via a telemedicine network including how to receive follow-up care or assistance in the event of an adverse reaction to treatment or if there is a telemedicine equipment failure.

SOURCE: MS Admin. Code Title 30, Part 2635, Rule 5.2. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Optometry – Emergency Temporary Regulations

The optometrist using telehealth to deliver optometric services or who practices tele-optometric treatment, upon initial contact with the patient shall: …

• Obtain written, informed consent from the patient or other appropriate person with authority to make optometric/ health care treatment decisions for the patient before services are provided through telehealth.

SOURCE: MS Rules and Regulations, Title 30 Part 2901 Chapters 1-11.5, (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Collaborative Practice Arrangement with Nurses & Assistant Physician Collaborative Practice Agreements

Telehealth providers shall obtain patient’s or the patient’s guardian’s consent before telehealth services are initiated and shall document the patient’s or the patient’s guardian’s consent in the patient’s file or chart. All telehealth activities must comply with the requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended and all other applicable state and federal laws and regulations.

SOURCE: MO Code of State Regulation. Title 20, 2150-2.240 & Sec. 20, 2150-5.100(3(H) (Accessed Jan. 2022)

Nurses

Telehealth providers shall be required to obtain patient consent before telehealth services are initiated and ensure confidentiality of medical information.

SOURCE: MO Revised Statute Title XXII Occupations and Professions Ch. 335.175. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

No reference found

No Reference Found.  See Medicaid section for Medicaid-specific consent requirements.

Insurers shall not:

• Require an enrollee to establish an in-person relationship with a provider or provide any additional consent to or reason for obtaining services through telehealth

SOURCE: NV Revised Statute Sec. 689A.0463; Sec. 689B.0369; Sec. 689C.195; Sec. 616C.730; Sec. 695A.265; Sec. 695B.1904; Sec. 695C.1708; Sec. 695D.216; & Sec. 695G.162. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Patient consent is required prior to forwarding medical records to the patient’s primary care or treating provider, if appropriate.

SOURCE: NH Revised Statutes Annotated, 329:1-d-V(c) (Accessed Jan. 2022).

At the time the patient requests health care services to be provided using telemedicine or telehealth, the patient shall be clearly advised that the telemedicine or telehealth encounter may be with a health care provider who is not a physician, and that the patient may specifically request that the telemedicine or telehealth encounter be scheduled with a physician. If the patient requests that the telemedicine or telehealth encounter be with a physician, the encounter shall be scheduled with a physician.  See statute for requirements if the health care provider is not a physician.

Following the provision of services using telemedicine or telehealth, the patient’s medical information shall be entered into the patient’s medical record, whether the medical record is a physical record, an electronic health record, or both, and, if so requested by the patient, forwarded directly to the patient’s primary care provider, health care provider of record, or any other health care providers as may be specified by the patient. For patients without a primary care provider or other health care provider of record, the health care provider engaging in telemedicine or telehealth may advise the patient to contact a primary care provider, and, upon request by the patient, shall assist the patient with locating a primary care provider or other in-person medical assistance that, to the extent possible, is located within reasonable proximity to the patient. The health care provider engaging in telemedicine or telehealth shall also refer the patient to appropriate follow up care where necessary, including making appropriate referrals for in-person care or emergency or complementary care, if needed. Consent may be oral, written, or digital in nature, provided that the chosen method of consent is deemed appropriate under the standard of care.

Consent for the waiver of in-person examination for the prescription of Schedule II controlled substances for a minor from the patient’s parent or guardian is also required.

SOURCE: NJ Statute C.45:1-62 as amended by S2559, (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Prior to initiating contact with a client for the purpose of providing services to the client using telemedicine or telehealth, a licensee shall:

• Provide the client the opportunity to sign a consent form that authorizes the licensee to release client records of the encounter to the client’s primary care licensee or other healthcare provider identified by the client.

SOURCE: NJ Administrative Code 13:34-32.4, 13:35-2C.4, 13:37-8A.4, 13:35-12A.4, 13:35-6B.4 & 13:34-6A.4 . (Accessed Dec. 2021).

Prior to initiating contact with a patient, a licensee shall provide the patient the opportunity to sign a consent form that authorizes the licensee to release records of the encounter to the patient’s primary care provider or other health care provider identified by the patient.

SOURCE: NJ Administrative Code 13:35-8.24 & 13:44C-11.4. (Accessed Dec. 2021).

Prior to initiating contact with a patient, a licensed physical therapist or licensed physical therapist assistant shall provide the patient the opportunity to sign a consent form that authorizes the licensed physical therapist or licensed physical therapist assistant to release records of the encounter to the patient’s primary care licensed physical therapist or other health care provider identified by the patient.

SOURCE: NJ Administrative Code 13:39A-10.4. (Accessed Dec. 2021).

Prior to an initial contact with a patient for the purpose of providing services to the patient using telemedicine or telehealth, a licensee shall:

• Provide the client the opportunity to sign a consent form that authorizes the licensee to release records of the encounter to the patient’s primary care provider or other health care provider identified by the client.

SOURCE: NJ Administrative Code 13:44-4A.4. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Hearing, Speech and Audiology Practitioners

A licensed audiologist, speech-language pathologist or hearing aid dispenser using telecommunication technology to deliver services to a client shall provide notice to the client, guardian, caregiver and multi-disciplinary team as appropriate, including but not limited to the right to refuse telehealth services, options for service delivery and instruction on filing and resolving complaints.

SOURCE: NM Administrative Code 16.26.2.20(G). (Accessed Dec. 2021).

All patients and prospective patients must have at least one in-person evaluation session with clinical staff prior to participation in telepractice. If found suitable for telepractice, the patient or prospective patient must execute a statement of informed consent prior to receiving services via telepractice. This evaluation for suitability for telepractice may be the same day as the first telepractice session.

SOURCE:  NY Office of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services. Telepractice Standards for OASAS Designated Providers. (Dec. 2019), p 2, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Telepractice sessions shall not be recorded without the patient’s written consent.

SOURCE:  NY Codes, Rules and Regulations, Title 14, Chapter XXI, Part 830.5.  (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Applied Behavior Analysis, Mental Health Practitioners, Psychology Practice & Social Work

Licensed behavior analysts (LBAs) and certified behavior analyst assistants (CBAAs)/Mental Health Practitioners/Psychologists/Social Workers should develop procedures for and obtain informed consent prior to providing remote services and ensure that informed consent includes both benefits and risks.

SOURCE: NY Office of the Professions, Applied Behavior Analysis, Practice Guidelines; Mental Health Practitioners, Telepractice; Psychology Practice, Telepractice Guidelines; Social Work, Telepractice Guidelines, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Speech Language Pathology and Audiology

Should maintaining appropriate documentation, including informed consent (risks and benefits) for use of telepractice which includes a client agreement to use a private environment with a secure connection, and documentation of the telepractice encounter.

SOURCE: NY Office of the Professions, Speech Language Pathology and Audiology Practice Guidelines, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Physical Therapy:

“Consultation by telehealth” means that a physical therapist renders professional or expert opinion or advice to another physical therapist or professional health care provider via electronic communications or computer technology from a distant location. The patient’s written or verbal consent will be obtained and documented prior to such consultation. All records used or resulting from a consultation by means of telehealth are part of a patient’s record and are subject to applicable confidentiality requirements.

SOURCE: ND Admin. Code 61.5-01-02-01(3). (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Speech Language Pathology

A provider is required to inform the patient of specific telehealth limitations. See rule for specific requirements.

SOURCE: OH Admin. Code 4753-2-01(D). (Accessed Nov. 2021).

In order to prescribe a drug that is not a controlled substance to a patient the physician has never conducted a physical examination on, and who is located remote from the physician, the physician must obtain the patient’s informed consent for treatment through a remote examination.

“Informed consent” means a process of communication between a patient and physician discussing the risks and benefits of, and alternatives to, treatment through a remote evaluation that results in the patient’s agreement or signed authorization to be treated through an evaluation conducted through appropriate technology when the physician is in a location remote from the patient.

Must be documented in patient’s record.  See rule for other requirements

SOURCE: OH Admin. Code 4731-11-09. (Accessed Nov. 2021).

If written consent is provided to a school district for assessment or treatment, such consent shall be effective for the school year for which it is granted and shall be renewed each subsequent school year. If an assessment or treatment is performed through telemedicine at a school site and if consent has been provided by the parent and is currently effective, the health professional shall not be required to verify that the parent is at the site. However, a child shall not be seen without consent.

SOURCE: OK Statutes Title 25, Chp. 21, Article 9 Sec.2005. (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Physical Therapy

Prior to the initiation of telehealth services, a Licensee shall obtain the patient’s consent to receive the services via telehealth. The consent may be verbal, written, or recorded and must be documented in the patient’s permanent record.

SOURCE: OR Administrative Rules, Sec. 848-040-0180(3). (Accessed Jun. 2021).

Occupational Therapy

Prior to initiation of occupational therapy services, an occupational therapy practitioner shall obtain informed consent of the delivery of service via telehealth from the patient/client.  The consent may be verbal, written or recorded and must be documented in the patient or client’s permanent health or education record.

SOURCE: OR Administrative Rules, Sec 339-010-006(4). (Accessed Jun. 2021).

No Reference Found

An agreement should be employed documenting patient informed consent for the use of patient-physician e-mail and other text based communications. The agreement should be discussed with the patient to ensure his/her understanding of the guidelines. The agreement should include the following terms:

• Types of transmissions that will be permitted
• Circumstances when alternate forms of communication or office visits should be utilized
• Security measures
• Hold harmless clause for information lost due to technical failures
• Requirement for express patient consent to forward patient-identifiable information to a third party
• A statement noting that the patient’s failure to comply with the agreement may result in termination of the e-mail relationship

SOURCE: RI Department of Health. Telemedicine. (Accessed Nov. 2021).

No Reference Found

A health care professional using telehealth shall follow any applicable state or federal statute or rule for informed consent.

SOURCE: SD Codified Laws Sec. 34-52-7. (Accessed Sept. 2021).

For the purposes of this section, a healthcare provider-patient relationship with respect to telemedicine or telehealth is created by mutual consent and mutual communication, except in an emergency, between the patient and the provider. The consent by the patient may be expressed or implied consent; however, the provider-patient relationship is not created simply by the receipt of patient health information by a provider unless a prior provider-patient relationship exists. The duties and obligations created by the relationship do not arise until the healthcare provider:

• Affirmatively undertakes to diagnose or treat the patient; or
• Affirmatively participates in the diagnosis or treatment.

SOURCE:  TN Code Sec. 63-1-155 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Dentists who are licensed in this state and who deliver services using teledentistry shall establish protocols for the practice that should include proper methods of keeping the patient fully informed

SOURCE: TN Code Annotated 63-5-108, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Worker’s Compensation

Telehealth services providers must obtain electronic or written informed consent of an injured worker to accept telehealth services for any or all parts of the medical benefits to which the injured worker may be entitled under the workers’ compensation law. For authorized telephone visits, verbal consent given by the patient before the service shall be documented by the provider. This service shall be in accordance with applicable CMS guidelines at the time of service.  See rule for additional detailed requirements.

SOURCE:  TN Admin Code 0800-02-31.04, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

A treating physician, dentist, or health professional who provides or facilitates the use of telemedicine medical services, teledentistry dental services, or telehealth services shall ensure that the informed consent of the patient, or another appropriate individual authorized to make health care treatment decisions for the patient, is obtained before telemedicine medical services, teledentistry dental services, or telehealth services are provided.

A dentist who delegates a teledentistry dental service shall ensure that the informed consent of the patient includes disclosure to the patient that the dentist has delegated the service.

A child’s parent or legal guardian must provide consent before the child receives telemedicine services in a primary school-based setting.

SOURCE: TX Occupational Code Sec. 111.002 & TX Admin. Code, Title 1, Sec. 354.1432. (2016). (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Recently Passed Legislation (Effective Now)

A treating physician, dentist, or health professional who provides or facilitates the use of telemedicine medical services, teledentistry dental services, or telehealth services shall ensure that the informed consent of the patient, or another appropriate individual authorized to make health care treatment decisions for the patient, is obtained before telemedicine medical services, teledentistry dental services, or telehealth services are provided.

A dentist who delegates a teledentistry dental service shall ensure that the informed consent of the patient includes disclosure to the patient that the dentist has delegated the service.

SOURCE: Occupations Code Title 3, Subtitle A, Chapter 111, Sec. 11.002 as amended by TX HB 2056 (2021 Session ) (Assessed Sept. 2021). 

A provider offering telehealth services shall, prior to each patient encounter, and at least annual intervals, obtain informed consent to the use of telehealth services.  See regulation for detailed list of disclosures needed.

SOURCE: UT Admin Code R156-1-603. (Accessed Nov. 2021).

When a licensed dental professional uses teledentistry, the licensed professional shall ensure informed consent.  See regulations for requirements of consent.

SOURCE: UT Code, 58-69-807, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

A health care provider delivering health care services or dental services through telemedicine must obtain and document a patient’s oral or written informed consent.  See law for special informed consent instructions third-party vendors, emergency situations, a psychiatrist’s examination and a patient receiving teleophthalmology or teledermatology by store-and-forward means.

SOURCE: VT Statutes Annotated, Title 18 Sec. 9361 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Audio-Only Telephone

A health care provider delivering health care services by audio-only telephone shall obtain and document a patient’s oral or written informed consent for the use of audio-only telephone prior to the appointment or at the start of the appointment but prior to delivering any billable service.

The informed consent for audio-only telephone services shall be provided in accordance with Vermont and national policies and guidelines on the appropriate use of telephone services within the provider’s profession and shall include, in language that patients can easily understand:

• that the patient is entitled to choose to receive services by audio- only telephone, in person, or through telemedicine, to the extent clinically appropriate;

• that receiving services by audio-only telephone does not preclude the patient from receiving services in person or through telemedicine at a later date;

• an explanation of the opportunities and limitations of delivering and receiving health care services using audio-only telephone;

• informing the patient of the presence of any other individual who will be participating in or listening to the patient’s consultation with the provider and obtaining the patient’s permission for the participation or observation;

• whether the services will be billed to the patient’s health insurance plan if delivered by audio-only telephone and what this may mean for the patient’s financial responsibility for co-payments, coinsurance, and deductibles; and

• informing the patient that not all audio-only health care services are covered by all health plans.

For services delivered by audio-only telephone on an ongoing basis, the health care provider shall be required to obtain consent only at the first episode of care.

If the patient provides oral informed consent, the provider shall offer to provide the patient with a written copy of the informed consent.

Notwithstanding any provision of this subsection to the contrary, a health care provider shall not be required to obtain a patient’s informed consent for the use of audio-only telephone services in the case of a medical emergency.

A health care provider may use a single informed consent form to address all telehealth modalities, including telemedicine, store and forward, and audio-only telephone, as long as the form complies with the provisions of section 9361 of this chapter and this section.

SOURCE: 18 Vermont Statute Annotated Ch. 219, Sec. 9362, & Senate Bill 117 (2021 Session), (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Evidence documenting appropriate patient informed consent for the use of telemedicine services must be obtained and maintained.  See guidance for list of what to include.

SOURCE: Telemedicine Guidance. Doc. # 85-12. VA Board of Medicine. P. 3 (Aug. 19, 2021). (Accessed Sept. 2021).

If a provider intends to bill a patient or a managed health care system for an audio-only telemedicine service, the provider must obtain patient consent for the billing in advance of the service being delivered. The authority may submit information on any potential violations of this subsection to the appropriate disciplining authority.

If the commissioner has cause to believe that a provider has engaged in a pattern of unresolved violations obtaining consent (as required above) the commissioner may submit information to the appropriate disciplining authority for action. Prior to submitting information to the appropriate disciplining authority, the commissioner may provide the provider with an opportunity to cure the alleged violations.  See text for additional information.

SOURCE: Revised Code of Washington 71.24.335 & 74.09.325, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

As with medical care involving in-person contact, a practitioner should obtain and document appropriate informed consent for

Telemedicine encounters. Because of the unique characteristics of Telemedicine, it is best practice for the informed consent to include:

• Reasonable understanding by all parties of the enabling technologies utilized, their capabilities and limitations, and a mutual agreement that they are appropriate for the circumstances;
• The credentials of the practitioner.

SOURCE: Washington Medical Quality Assurance Commission, Guidelines for Appropriate Use of the Internet in Medical Practice, p. 3, Oct. 3, 2014, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Physicians and podiatrists must obtain from the patient appropriate consent for the use of telemedicine technologies.

SOURCE: WV Statute Sec. 30-14-12d & 30-3-13a  (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Athletic Trainers

An athletic trainer that provides telehealth services must obtain and maintain the informed consent of the patient, or of another individual authorized to make health care treatment decisions for the patient, prior to the provision of telehealth services.

SOURCE: WV Admin. Law Sec. 16-5-13.6, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Physical Therapists

A physical therapist that provides telehealth services must obtain and maintain the informed consent of the patient, or of another individual authorized to make health care treatment decisions for the patient, prior to the provision of telehealth services.

SOURCE: WV Admin. Law Sec. 16-01-12.6, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Occupational Therapy

Occupational therapy personnel shall obtain informed consent of the delivery of service via telehealth from the patient/client prior to initiation of occupational therapy services via telehealth and maintain documentation of the consent-to-treat process and content in the patient’s or client’s health records.

SOURCE: WV Admin. Law Sec. 13-09-5.1.c, (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Emergency Rule (Effective until August 1st, 2027) – Dentistry

In providing teledentistry serivces, a licensee or registrant shall, to the extent possible:

Obtain an appropriate informed consent from the requesting patient after disclosures have been made regarding the delivery models and treatment methods and limitations, to include any special informed consents regarding the use of teledentistry services.

See rule for more details about the requirements for informed consent in teledentistry.

SOURCE: WV Admin Law 5-16-4 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Emergency Rule (Effective until July 1, 2030) – Social Workers

Prior to the provision of service, the social worker should obtain informed consent specific to telehealth services using appropriate language understandable to the client.  The practitioner-client relationship is established at the time informed consent is obtained.

SOURCE: WV Admin Law 25-1-5 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Emergency Rule (Effective until August 1, 2027) – Nurses

A telehealth provider must obtain the patient’s consent to receive telehealth services.

SOURCE: WV Admin Law 19-16-7 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Emergency Rule (Effective until August 1st, 2027) – Osteopathic Medicine

With the exception of the practice of pathology and radiology, a telehealth provider shall obtain the patient’s consent to receive telehealth services.

SOURCE: WV Admin Law 24-10-3 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Emergency Rule (Effective until August 1st, 2027) – Medicine

With the exception of the practice of pathology and radiology, a telehealth provider shall obtain the patient’s consent to receive telehealth services.

SOURCE: WV Admin Law 11-15-7 (Accessed Nov. 2021).

Informed consent required.

SOURCE: WI Admin. Code MED Ch. 24.07(c). (Accessed Sept. 2021).

Written or oral consent required for physical therapy.

SOURCE: WY Admin Rules. Board of Physical Therapy. Ch. 1 Sec. 4. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Informed consent is required for occupational therapy.

SOURCE: WY Admin Rules. Board of Occupational Therapy. Ch. 3 Sec. 4. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

Informed consent is required for chiropractic services.

SOURCE: WY Admin Rules. Board of Chiropractic Examiners. Ch. 11 Sec. 2. (Accessed Jan. 2022).

An individual who provides telehealth services to a patient in Wyoming shall: … Provide the patient, or the patient’s legal guardian, the opportunity to either sign or provide verbal consent to telehealth services

SOURCE: WYO Admin Rules, Board of Athletic Trainers, Ch. 10, (Accessed Jan. 2022).